Level 5 Leaders - Characteristics and Operating Style
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Keywords
Jim Collins, level 5 leaders, Kimberly-Clark, Darwin E. Smith, Sam Walton, Wal-Mart, Iacocca, Chrysler, George Cain
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Question and question
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Level 5 leaders use questioning often to gain understanding of a situation. They spend most of their meetings trying to understand the prevailing situation. During informal meetings they move among groups of managers and employees discussing what is happening in the marketplace and the companies. They ask questions such as: |
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Welcome arguments and debates
Level 5 leaders encourage dialogue and debates before taking any decision. To create the right environment for the dialogue they establish ongoing series of general manager meetings. These meetings appear almost chaotic. Managers yell, pound on the table, engage in verbal duels, almost engage in fist fights, but after spending hours in hot debates they also arrive at conclusions.
For example, Ken Iverson promoted this culture at Nucor, where senior executives used to debate and even yell and scream, before arriving at a solution. They used to debate on various issues such as whether to sell Nucor's nuclear business, focus on steel joists and manufacture own steel, invest in their own mini-mill, build a second mini-mill.
Learn from mistakes
Level 5 leaders say something like this: I will take responsibility for this bad decision. But we will take responsibility for extracting the maximum learning from the tuition we've paid. For example, in 1978 Phillip Morris acquired Seven-Up Company. But after 8 yrs it was sold at a loss. Though the loss was negligible compared to Phillip Morris' total assets, but the management discussed it openly and tried to learn from their mistake. But no one blamed each other for the decision to sell Seven-Up Company. It was only the company's CEO Joe Cullman who squarely blamed himself for the mistake, mainly for not paying enough attention to people who were opposing the buyout in 1978. But he along with senior managers spent hundreds of hours learning from this mistake.
Use red flags:
Level 5 leaders also use red flags or early warning mechanisms. For example, Bruce Woolpert employed a method called
"Short pay" at his organization, Graniterock. Short pay allowed customers to pay on an invoice based on their satisfaction with the product or service. They did not return the product or take permission to use this option. All they had to do was to circle the offending product or service on the invoice deduct its amount and pay for the balance. Short pays acted as early warning mechanism and made managers take corrective actions before more customers were dissatisfied, and deserted the company. This is useful because, managers otherwise come to know of the problem only after it becomes unmanageable.